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Hospital acquired pneumonia prevention by engaging nurses (HAPPEN)

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HAPPEN, or Hospital Acquired Pneumonia Prevention by Engaging Nurses supports VHA priorities by reducing the risk of non-ventilator associated hospital acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP), improving the health and quality of life of our Veterans; modernizing systems and processes with a focus on preventive care; improving access and timeliness of service by reducing patient length of stays; and reducing health care cost. HAPPEN won the 2020 Gears of Government President's Award for Innovation, the 2021 VHA National Diffusion Award, and the 2024 American Academy of Nursing Edge Runner Award.

This innovation is scaling widely with the support of national stakeholders. See more scaling innovations.

Adoptions:

155 successful

Awards and Recognition:

Diffusion of Excellence Promising Practice, Gears of Government Winner, QUERI Partnered Evaluation Initiative, VHA Shark Tank Winner

Partners:

Diffusion of Excellence, Office of Rural Health, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, VHA Innovators Network

Overview

Problem

Non-ventilator associated hospital acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) is a preventable complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality, greater need for long-term care after discharge, 4 times longer length of stay, and high healthcare costs ($58,000 median direct care costs per case among Veterans). Veterans are 4 times more likely to die in the fir ... See more

Links

Solution

HAPPEN is an oral care initiative that targets the source of NV-HAP- the patient's own mouth. Bacteria in the mouth is frequently aspirated (swallowed) into the lungs during sleep. With consistent oral care, the number of the bacteria in the mouth is reduced. All hospitalized Veterans and long term care residents are at risk of developing NV-HAP. All Vetera ... See more

Videos

Our public service announcement (staff focused)

Results

HAPPEN implementing sites are reporting declines in NV-HAP of 40-60% thus saving lives, shortening length of stay, reducing the need for long-term care, and improving patient safety and quality of life.

Metrics

  • Each NV-HAP case prevented is predicted to save over $100K in 12-month direct healthcare costs.

Diffusion tracker

Does not include Clinical Resource Hubs (CRH)

Statuses

AL: Birmingham VA Medical Center (Birmingham, Alabama)
  • Started adoption on 10/2020.
AL: Central Alabama VA Medical Center-Montgomery (Montgomery)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
AL: Central Alabama VA Medical Center-Tuskegee (Tuskegee)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
AL: Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center (Tuscaloosa)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
AR: Fayetteville VA Medical Center (Fayetteville, Arkansas)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
AR: Little Rock VA Clinic (Little Rock Main Street)
  • Started adoption on 01/2019.
AZ: Bob Stump Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Prescott)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
AZ: Carl T. Hayden Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Phoenix, Arizona)
  • Started adoption on 06/2019.
AZ: Tucson VA Medical Center (Tucson)
  • Started adoption on 06/2019.
CA: Fresno VA Medical Center (Fresno) CA: Jennifer Moreno Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (San Diego, California)
  • Started adoption on 12/2020.
CA: Loma Linda VA Clinic (Loma Linda Redlands)
  • Started adoption on 02/2019.
CA: Martinez VA Medical Center (Martinez)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
CA: Palo Alto VA Medical Center (Palo Alto, California)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
CA: Sacramento VA Medical Center (Sacramento)
  • Started adoption on 05/2019.
CA: San Francisco VA Medical Center (San Francisco)
  • Started adoption on 06/2020.
CA: Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center (Long Beach)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
CA: West Los Angeles VA Medical Center (West Los Angeles)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
CO: Denver VA Medical Center (Denver)
  • Started adoption on 04/2021.
CO: Grand Junction VA Medical Center (Grand Junction, Colorado)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
CT: West Haven VA Medical Center (West Haven)
  • Started adoption on 04/2021.
DC: Washington VA Medical Center (Washington, District of Columbia)
  • Started adoption on 10/2018.
DE: Wilmington VA Medical Center (Wilmington, Delaware)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
FL: Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Miami)
  • Started adoption on 06/2019.
FL: C.W. Bill Young Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Bay Pines)
  • Started adoption on 07/2019.
FL: James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital (Tampa, Florida)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
FL: Lake City VA Medical Center (Lake City, Florida)
  • Started adoption on 02/2020.
FL: Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Gainesville)
  • Started adoption on 02/2020.
FL: Orlando VA Medical Center (Orlando)
  • Started adoption on 11/2020.
FL: West Palm Beach VA Medical Center (West Palm Beach)
  • Started adoption on 11/2019.
GA: Carl Vinson Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Dublin)
  • Started adoption on 04/2021.
GA: Charlie Norwood Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Augusta Downtown)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
GA: Joseph Maxwell Cleland Atlanta VA Medical Center (Atlanta, Georgia) GA: Trinka Davis Veterans Village (Carrollton, Georgia)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
HI: Spark M. Matsunaga Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Honolulu)
  • Started adoption on 07/2020.
IA: Des Moines VA Medical Center (Des Moines, Iowa)
  • Started adoption on 07/2020.
IA: Iowa City VA Medical Center (Iowa City, Iowa)
  • Started adoption on 10/2018.
ID: Boise VA Medical Center (Boise)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
IL: Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center (North Chicago)
  • Started adoption on 10/2021.
IL: Danville VA Medical Center (Danville, Illinois)
  • Started adoption on 05/2021.
IL: Edward Hines Junior Hospital (Hines)
  • Started adoption on 07/2019.
IL: Jesse Brown Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Chicago, Illinois)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
IL: Marion VA Medical Center (Marion, Illinois)
  • Started adoption on 04/2020.
IN: Fort Wayne VA Medical Center (Fort Wayne)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
IN: Marion VA Medical Center (Marion, Indiana)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
IN: Richard L. Roudebush Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Indianapolis, Indiana)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
KS: Colmery-O'Neil Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Topeka)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
KS: Dwight D. Eisenhower Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Leavenworth)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
KS: Robert J. Dole Department of Veterans Affairs Medical and Regional Office Center (Wichita)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
KY: Franklin R. Sousley Campus (Lexington Leestown)
  • Started adoption on 10/2021.
KY: Robley Rex Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Louisville)
  • Started adoption on 12/2020.
KY: Troy Bowling Campus (Lexington Cooper)
  • Started adoption on 10/2021.
LA: Alexandria VA Medical Center (Alexandria, Louisiana)
  • Started adoption on 09/2020.
LA: New Orleans VA Medical Center (New Orleans)
  • Started adoption on 10/2019.
LA: Overton Brooks Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Shreveport)
  • Started adoption on 03/2019.
MA: Brockton VA Medical Center (Brockton)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
MA: Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans' Hospital (Bedford)
  • Started adoption on 03/2020.
MA: Edward P. Boland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Central Western Massachusetts)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
MA: West Roxbury VA Medical Center (West Roxbury)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
MD: Baltimore VA Medical Center (Baltimore)
  • Started adoption on 12/2020.
MD: Perry Point VA Medical Center (Perry Point)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
ME: Togus VA Medical Center (Togus)
  • Started adoption on 05/2020.
MI: Aleda E. Lutz Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Saginaw, Michigan)
  • Started adoption on 04/2021.
MI: Battle Creek VA Medical Center (Battle Creek)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
MI: John D. Dingell Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Detroit)
  • Started adoption on 11/2020.
MI: Lieutenant Colonel Charles S. Kettles VA Medical Center (Ann Arbor)
  • Started adoption on 02/2019.
MI: Oscar G. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Facility (Iron Mountain)
  • Started adoption on 04/2020.
MN: Minneapolis VA Medical Center (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
MN: St. Cloud VA Medical Center (St. Cloud)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
MO: Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital (Columbia, Missouri)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
MO: John J. Pershing Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Poplar Bluff)
  • Started adoption on 06/2019.
MO: Kansas City VA Medical Center (Kansas City, Missouri)
  • Started adoption on 04/2020.
MO: St. Louis VA Medical Center-Jefferson Barracks (St. Louis Jefferson Barracks)
  • Started adoption on 10/2020.
MS: Biloxi VA Medical Center (Biloxi)
  • Started adoption on 09/2020.
MS: G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Jackson, Mississippi)
  • Started adoption on 05/2020.
MT: Fort Harrison VA Medical Center (Fort Harrison)
  • Started adoption on 05/2021.
MT: Miles City VA Community Living Center (Miles City CLC)
  • Started adoption on 05/2021.
NC: Charles George Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Asheville)
  • Started adoption on 10/2017.
NC: Durham VA Medical Center (Durham)
  • Started adoption on 10/2017.
NC: Fayetteville VA Medical Center (Fayetteville, North Carolina)
  • Started adoption on 11/2017.
NC: W.G. (Bill) Hefner Salisbury Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Salisbury)
  • Started adoption on 10/2017.
ND: Fargo VA Medical Center (Fargo)
  • Started adoption on 07/2019.
NE: Grand Island VA Medical Center (Grand Island)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
NE: Omaha VA Medical Center (Omaha, Nebraska)
  • Started adoption on 10/2018.
NH: Manchester VA Medical Center (Manchester)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
NJ: East Orange VA Medical Center (East Orange)
  • Started adoption on 02/2020.
NJ: Lyons VA Medical Center (Lyons)
  • Started adoption on 11/2019.
NM: Raymond G. Murphy Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Albuquerque) NV: Ioannis A. Lougaris Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Reno)
  • Started adoption on 05/2020.
NV: North Las Vegas VA Medical Center (North Las Vegas)
  • Started adoption on 08/2019.
NY: Batavia VA Medical Center (Batavia)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
NY: Bath VA Medical Center (Bath)
  • Started adoption on 04/2019.
NY: Brooklyn VA Medical Center (Brooklyn)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
NY: Buffalo VA Medical Center (Buffalo, New York)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
NY: Canandaigua VA Medical Center (Canandaigua)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
NY: Castle Point VA Medical Center (Castle Point)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
NY: Franklin Delano Roosevelt Hospital (Montrose, New York)
  • Started adoption on 10/2019.
NY: James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Bronx)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
NY: Margaret Cochran Corbin VA Campus (Manhattan)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
NY: Northport VA Medical Center (Northport)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
NY: Samuel S. Stratton Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Albany, New York)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
NY: St. Albans VA Medical Center (St. Albans)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
NY: Syracuse VA Medical Center (Syracuse)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
OH: Chillicothe VA Medical Center (Chillicothe)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
OH: Cincinnati VA Medical Center (Cincinnati, Ohio)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
OH: Dayton VA Medical Center (Dayton)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
OH: Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Cleveland, Ohio)
  • Started adoption on 11/2020.
OK: Jack C. Montgomery Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Muskogee, Oklahoma)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
OK: Oklahoma City VA Medical Center (Oklahoma City)
  • Started adoption on 08/2019.
OR: Portland VA Medical Center (Portland, Oregon)
  • Started adoption on 03/2019.
OR: Roseburg VA Medical Center (Roseburg)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
PA: Butler VA Medical Center (Butler New Castle Road)
  • Started adoption on 01/2021.
PA: Coatesville VA Medical Center (Coatesville)
  • Started adoption on 10/2020.
PA: Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)
  • Started adoption on 07/2019.
PA: Erie VA Medical Center (Erie)
  • Started adoption on 12/2020.
PA: James E. Van Zandt Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Altoona)
  • Started adoption on 10/2020.
PA: Lebanon VA Medical Center (Lebanon)
  • Started adoption on 04/2021.
PA: Pittsburgh VA Medical Center-University Drive (Pittsburgh)
  • Started adoption on 05/2021.
PA: Wilkes-Barre VA Medical Center (Wilkes-Barre)
  • Started adoption on 10/2020.
PR: San Juan VA Medical Center (San Juan)
  • Started adoption on 01/2018.
RI: Providence VA Medical Center (Providence)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
SC: Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Charleston, South Carolina)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
SC: Wm. Jennings Bryan Dorn Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Columbia, South Carolina)
  • Started adoption on 04/2019.
SD: Fort Meade VA Medical Center (Fort Meade, South Dakota)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
SD: Hot Springs VA Medical Center (Hot Springs, South Dakota)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
SD: Royal C. Johnson Veterans' Memorial Hospital (Sioux Falls)
  • Started adoption on 11/2018.
TN: Alvin C. York Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Murfreesboro)
  • Started adoption on 06/2018.
TN: James H. Quillen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Mountain Home, Tennessee)
  • Started adoption on 06/2019.
TN: Lt. Col. Luke Weathers, Jr. VA Medical Center (Memphis)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
TN: Nashville VA Medical Center (Nashville) TX: Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans' Hospital (San Antonio, Texas)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.
TX: Dallas VA Medical Center (Dallas)
  • Started adoption on 03/2020.
TX: Doris Miller Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Waco)
  • Started adoption on 10/2021.
TX: George H. O'Brien, Jr., Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Big Spring)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
TX: Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Houston)
  • Started adoption on 02/2017.
TX: Olin E. Teague Veterans' Center (Temple)
  • Started adoption on 10/2021.
TX: Sam Rayburn Memorial Veterans Center (Bonham)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
TX: Thomas E. Creek Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Amarillo)
  • Started adoption on 03/2021.
UT: George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Salt Lake City)
  • Started adoption on 07/2021.
VA: Hampton VA Medical Center (Hampton)
  • Started adoption on 11/2017.
VA: Richmond VA Medical Center (Richmond, Virginia)
  • Started adoption on 11/2017.
VA: Salem VA Medical Center (Salem, Virginia)
  • Started adoption on 10/2016.
VT: White River Junction VA Medical Center (White River Junction)
  • Started adoption on 07/2020.
WA: American Lake VA Medical Center (American Lake)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
WA: Mann-Grandstaff Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Spokane, Washington)
  • Started adoption on 08/2021.
WA: Seattle VA Medical Center (Seattle)
  • Started adoption on 12/2019.
WI: Clement J. Zablocki Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)
  • Started adoption on 09/2021.
WI: Tomah VA Medical Center (Tomah)
  • Started adoption on 11/2018.
WI: William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans' Hospital (Madison)
  • Started adoption on 04/2020.
WV: Beckley VA Medical Center (Beckley)
  • Started adoption on 08/2019.
WV: Hershel "Woody" Williams VA Medical Center (Huntington, West Virginia)
  • Started adoption on 06/2021.
WV: Louis A. Johnson Veterans' Administration Medical Center (Clarksburg)
  • Started adoption on 05/2020.
WV: Martinsburg VA Medical Center (Martinsburg)
  • Started adoption on 11/2020.
WY: Cheyenne VA Medical Center (Cheyenne)
  • Started adoption on 01/2019.
WY: Sheridan VA Medical Center (Sheridan)
  • Started adoption on 02/2021.

There are no in-progress adoptions for this innovation.

There are no unsuccessful adoptions for this innovation.

Multimedia

Images

With consistent oral care, the risk of hospital acquired pneumonia among non-ventilated patients is decreased an average of 40-60%. HAPPEN has spread to VA facilities across the nation and we encourage you to contact us about joining our efforts.

Videos

This video is a reminder for direct care staff about the importance of consistent oral hygiene in prevention of hospital acquired pneumonia.

Implementation

Timeline

  • 3 months to implementation
    VA employees may download the oral care implementation toolkit on the VA HAPPEN SharePoint (internal VA use). Civilian hospital staff are encouraged to read our publications for guidance.

Departments

  • Nursing services

Core Resources

Resource type Resource description
PEOPLE
  • Nursing
  • Infection control
  • Dental
PROCESSES
  • The implementation toolkit and other resources are available to VA employees on the HAPPEN SharePoint. The Healthy Smiles for Veterans TMS course training is available (outside the VA on TRAIN.org) and the HAPPEN team is available to answer questions.

Files

Links

  • (VA Employees) For a link to the HAPPEN Sharepoint, please contact the Team at VAHAPPEN@va.gov VAHAPPEN@va.gov

Contact

Comment

Comments and replies are disabled for retired innovations and non-VA users.

VA User (RN, Nursing Performance Improvement,RICVAMC) Innovation owner posted

We are starting to re-educate the nurses on this practice at the CVHCS. COVID-19 has unfortunately hindered our progress but we are now continuing to re-educate and start other units on the project.

2
VA User (Registered Nurse) Innovation owner edited

I adopted Project HAPPEN to San Francisco VAHCS. Our pilot unit is 1A Medical/Surgical Telemetry and Oncology Unit and Project HAPPEN was launched on June 1, 2020 with my partner Ramonette Fernandes, ANM,RN. The implementation was a success and on October 15, 2020, Project HAPPEN was rolled out to the rest of our inpatient units that include 2B North, 2B South, 3B North. Each unit has two HAPPEN Champions assigned. The TMS learning, "Healthy Smiles for Veterans" were assigned and completed by all the inpatient RNs and CNAs. Our oral care supplies had been standardized through out our facility including the Community Living Center. Lastly, on April 28,2021 Project HAPPEN was implemented at the Community Living Center.

4
VA User (Registered Nurse, RICVAMC) Innovation owner posted

I am working on the Happen Team in Richmond, Virginia. Twice a day Oral Care is a real life saver for veterans, given the complex medical needs of our population.

3
VA User (ADPCS) posted

I am the new ADPCS in Alexandria La. I would love for us to implement this in all of our areas (CLC, IPMH, Medical Surgical). I'll be on the call today. IM if you would like to talk. Thanks-you

1
VA User (CC, RN Case Manager) posted

This is a great idea that is a sorely missed opportunity that looks to help prevent future repeat admissions as well as provide basic hygiene care to our veterans.

1
VA User (Secretary (OA)) posted

I was in the hospital for a week last May 2019, felt like death warmed over twice, and you know, I don't remember anyone asking me about hygiene, oral or otherwise. I can't honestly remember if I even got cleaned up every day, I felt so awful and kind of out of it....the last day, I remember asking for pads and wipes and such.

About

Origin story

HAPPEN has accelerated in VHA’s embedded culture of innovation. HAPPEN is an Innovation Ecosystem success story, illustrative of VHA’s transition into a high-reliability organization. The team is working together to reduce the risk of hospital acquired pneumonia among non-ventilated patients.

Original team

VAHAPPEN@va.gov

Office of Nursing Services